Arcology:
Wikipedia.com-Arcology, a portmanteau of the words "architecture" and "ecology,"[1] is a set of architectural design principles aimed toward the design of enormous habitats (hyperstructures) of extremely high human population density. These largely hypothetical structures would contain a variety of residential and commercial facilities and minimize individual human environmental impact. They are often portrayed as self-contained or economically self-sufficient.
Acrosanti.org-Arcology is Paolo Soleri's concept of cities which embody the fusion of architecture with ecology. The arcology concept proposes a highly integrated and compact three-dimensional urban form that is the opposite of urban sprawl with its inherently wasteful consumption of land, energy and time, tending to isolate people from each other and the community. The complexification and miniaturization of the city enables radical conservation of land, energy and resources.
Autonomous Building
Wikipedia.com-An autonomous building is a building designed to be operated independently from infrastructural support services such as the electric power grid, gas grid, municipal water systems, sewage treatment systems, storm drains, communication services, and in some cases, public roads.
Advocates of autonomous building describe advantages that include reduced environmental impacts, increased security, and lower costs of ownership. Some cited advantages satisfy tenets of green building, not independence per se (see below). Off-grid buildings often rely very little on civil services and are therefore safer and more comfortable during civil disaster or military attacks. (Off-grid buildings would not lose power or water if public supplies were compromised for some reason.)
Monday, October 26, 2009
Case Study 3 - Arcology
Acrosanti.com
An Arcology is based on Paolo Soleri's concept of the development of compact 3-D alternatives to existing urban sprawls, combining more efficient use of land and resources. In the future, mankind will be pressed closer and closer together in a vast urban sprawl. As society is deals with a rise in population and population density, while having to deliver a much more efficient use of resources, use of the arcology will become commonplace.
An Arcology is based on Paolo Soleri's concept of the development of compact 3-D alternatives to existing urban sprawls, combining more efficient use of land and resources. In the future, mankind will be pressed closer and closer together in a vast urban sprawl. As society is deals with a rise in population and population density, while having to deliver a much more efficient use of resources, use of the arcology will become commonplace.
Arcosanti is a project of the Cosanti Foundation initiated by Paolo Soleri
Acrosanti 5000
The most recent reshuffling of space nudging toward a more self-aware speck of reality. I call it the Lean Alternative in contrast to the consumption unlimited of our society.
A process architecture, space organizing itself, aware and use of the sun presence, in moving incrementally (the six phases) into higher degrees of complexity, the urbanizing process.
Each apse exedra leaf "knows" more than the preceding, not out of magic, but out of experience (of the preceding). The enriching experience of a growing urban effect. It is the prototypical instrument adding accesses to the richer sound which the players, residents and guest, might want to employ while growing from 100 to 5000 or so.
--Paolo Soleri
Case Study 2 - Crystal Island
http://www.fosterandpartners.com
Crystal Island
Moscow, Russia, 2006
Conceived as a city in microcosm, Crystal Island is an unprecedented, compact and diverse urban quarter. Situated on the Nagatino Peninsula, edged by the Moscow River, it is located only 7.5 km from the Kremlin. Rising from a large public square, the entire development is enclosed within a vast tent-like superstructure, with one of the tallest inhabited buildings in the world at its heart.
Crystal Island will be a major urban destination, with a range of cultural, exhibition and performance facilities. Its mix of hotels, serviced apartments, offices and shops is designed to maintain a dynamic and animated public realm throughout the day. Residents are able to work and live within a densely planned area where every amenity is within easy walking distance. Mixed-use also presents a strong case for energy balance, with individual components using energy at different times, while reinforcing the breadth of economic and social activity of the area.
The tent-like superstructure rises to 450m, and forms a breathable second skin and thermal buffer for the main building, shielding the interior spaces from Moscow’s extreme summer and winter climates. Providing accommodation that is flooded with daylight, this second skin will seal itself in winter to minimise heat losses, and open in summer so that the interior can be cooled naturally. Efficient energy management is at the heart of the design, with strategies including on-site renewable and low-carbon energy generation. The building’s form spirals upwards in converse directions to form a diagonal grid, and the spiraling geometry extends throughout the project into the park. The scheme is integrated into a new park landscape, which provides a range of activities throughout the year, with cross country skiing and ice skating in the winter.
Client: STT Group
Consultants: Buro Happold, pha consult, Systematica
Crystal Island is a proposed building project in Moscow, Russia that is currently planned to have around 2,500,000 square metres (27,000,000 square feet) of floor space and a height of 450 metres (1,476 ft) designed by Norman Foster.[1] At these dimensions upon completion it would be one of the largest structures (in floor space) on earth. The architectural firm behind the design is Foster and Partners.
Case Study 1 - Island Tower Sky Club
http://www.takenaka.co.jp/takenaka_e/service_e/solutions/05.html
By connecting the buildings with Sky Gardens and combining base-isolation and motion-damping systems, both wind-induced and earthquake motions are reduced. (Movement in this sketch has been exaggerated for illustrative purposes.)
Viscous damper, oil damper and rubber damper
Seismic Isolation is an effective means to reduce the effects of earthquakes and meet the needs of Business Continuity Planning (BCP) in facilities that manufacture semiconductors and electronic devices. The viscous seismic isolation system developed by Takenaka provides superb vibration absorbing performance during earthquakes of 3 to 5 on the Japanese seismic intensity scale as well as ensures an environment, free of microvibrations. The system combines a vibration-transmission-minimizing rubber bearing with a viscous damper for high vibration-energy-absorbing performance.
-good case study for my project because it gives real world applicative solution for high rise in one of the highest earthquake zones in the world, very applicable for California area.
Island Tower Sky Club is a 145 meter tall, 42-story super high-rise. The tower comprises three slender connected buildings, each with a challenging aspect ratio of seven. It is the world's first super high-rise condominium with three connected towers.
A hybrid base-isolation system that utilizes four types of isolation is incorporated. The buildings are connected by three-tiered steel truss structures incorporating high-strain super-plastic alloy dampers, developed by Takenaka.
A hybrid base-isolation system that utilizes four types of isolation is incorporated. The buildings are connected by three-tiered steel truss structures incorporating high-strain super-plastic alloy dampers, developed by Takenaka.
The three buildings are connected by"Sky Garden"aerial yards, built using the lift-up construction method. This allowed each yard to be built upon a lower yard and then lifted up to its designated position.
By connecting the buildings with Sky Gardens and combining base-isolation and motion-damping systems, both wind-induced and earthquake motions are reduced. (Movement in this sketch has been exaggerated for illustrative purposes.)
Viscous damper, oil damper and rubber damperSeismic Isolation is an effective means to reduce the effects of earthquakes and meet the needs of Business Continuity Planning (BCP) in facilities that manufacture semiconductors and electronic devices. The viscous seismic isolation system developed by Takenaka provides superb vibration absorbing performance during earthquakes of 3 to 5 on the Japanese seismic intensity scale as well as ensures an environment, free of microvibrations. The system combines a vibration-transmission-minimizing rubber bearing with a viscous damper for high vibration-energy-absorbing performance.
-good case study for my project because it gives real world applicative solution for high rise in one of the highest earthquake zones in the world, very applicable for California area.
Chapter 2: The Site - San Diego
California- West Coast, bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the northeast, Arizona to the southeast, the Mexican state of Baja California to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. - Most populous state in the US - 3rd largest by area -Its four largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, and San Francisco.
San Diego- is the second-largest city in California and the ninth largest city in the United States, located along the Pacific Ocean on the west coast of the United States
Geography: -Lies in deep canyons and hills separating it's mesas, creating small pockets of natural parkland scattered throughout the city
-Canyons contribute to the highly segmented feel of city, creating literal gaps between neighborhoods and contributing to low density and car oriented environment
-numerous farms found in valleys northeast and southeast of the city
-San Diego County has one of the highest counts of animal and plant species that appear on the endangered species list
Infrastructure:freeways
Trolley
Transportation Map
Cycling -Urban sprawl is not friendly for cyclists Air -San Diego International Airport (main) -Brown Field Municipal Airport and Montgomery Field Sea -Cruise ships - Carnival Cruise Lines, Royal Caribbean, Holland America and Celebrity Cruises have home port in SD during winter -New terminal on Broadway Pier is set to open in 2010 San Diego region major statistical area map
Overall Demographics
Area of Focus: Central San DiegoZip codes: Downtown: 92101
Golden Hill: 92102
Hillcrest, Mission Hills: 92103
92104
City Heights: 92105
Point Loma: 92106
Ocean Beach: 92107 Moreno: 92110
Logan Heights: 92113
Encanto: 92114
College: 92115
Kensington, Normal Heights: 92116
Coronado: 92118
92133
92134
92135
92136
Paradise Hills: 92139 92140
National City: 91950 (not on sandag)
Demographics:
People:
by gender and age
by ethnicity
Occupation, industry and earning
Language
Disability
Education level
Housing
Rent level
year built
Unit types
Landuse
Means of transportation and travel time
Chapter 1: Urban Sprawl - The problems dissected
Cultural:
-People spend a lot of time in their cars to commute and stay on cell phones, people to people interaction is lowered
-The majority of the population was brought up to believe that when they grow up, they need a big house, big cars and 2.5 kids
Political:
-The city and the government as well as organizations within the government dictates what gets built where (urban planning). Al thought the plans gets updated, they are still plans from 20 years ago and the "current" plan won't be adopted till much later.
Social:
-Urban sprawl divides the population based on income levels
it also eventual leads to ethnic segregation
-As the states becomes urbanized we have less and less farmers and farmland, as a nation we do not grow enough food to feed ourselves
-Lack of open space and public space for people to congregate and mingle
Education:
-isolation of students because of where they live
Financial:
-Land becoming more expensive as we have built to our city limits
-More and more people cannot afford to buy or even keep their homes
-Farmers have to sell their land to give way to big developers
-Food and other goods have to be imported
-Before the slow down of economy cities are already having trouble up keeping the infrastructure cost, with almost 60% of cities covered in roads and freeways it is now more difficult to maintain them
-taxing powergrid
Environmental:
-Most cities are covered in roads and freeways, they are important to gain access to other parts of cities
-Where people live, work and play are so far from each other, we become very dependent on automobiles
-Automobiles create pollution, that contributes to global warming and the depleting of ozone layers
-Dependency on automobiles causes depletion of natural fossil fuels
-Urbanized areas often has very open space and trees
-production of initial cost of clearing the land
-People spend a lot of time in their cars to commute and stay on cell phones, people to people interaction is lowered
-The majority of the population was brought up to believe that when they grow up, they need a big house, big cars and 2.5 kids
Political:
-The city and the government as well as organizations within the government dictates what gets built where (urban planning). Al thought the plans gets updated, they are still plans from 20 years ago and the "current" plan won't be adopted till much later.
Social:
-Urban sprawl divides the population based on income levels
it also eventual leads to ethnic segregation
-As the states becomes urbanized we have less and less farmers and farmland, as a nation we do not grow enough food to feed ourselves
-Lack of open space and public space for people to congregate and mingle
Education:
-isolation of students because of where they live
Financial:
-Land becoming more expensive as we have built to our city limits
-More and more people cannot afford to buy or even keep their homes
-Farmers have to sell their land to give way to big developers
-Food and other goods have to be imported
-Before the slow down of economy cities are already having trouble up keeping the infrastructure cost, with almost 60% of cities covered in roads and freeways it is now more difficult to maintain them
-taxing powergrid
Environmental:
-Most cities are covered in roads and freeways, they are important to gain access to other parts of cities
-Where people live, work and play are so far from each other, we become very dependent on automobiles
-Automobiles create pollution, that contributes to global warming and the depleting of ozone layers
-Dependency on automobiles causes depletion of natural fossil fuels
-Urbanized areas often has very open space and trees
-production of initial cost of clearing the land
A simplified Evolution of Settlements
Cities of the future? Urban core in the center which is most dense, and the "suburb" in the outer rings. Instead of floating on the ocean, what if the ocean becomes agricultural land to feed the city?
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